Series

Namespace: Polars.FSharp

An eager Series holding a single column of data.

Sub-namespaces

Sub-namespace	Page	Description
.Array	Series.Array	Access array (fixed-size list) operations.
.Bin	Series.Bin	Access binary operations.
.Cat	Series.Cat	Access categorical operations.
.Dt	Series.Dt	Access temporal (Date/Time) operations.
.Ext	Series.Ext	Access extension datatypes operations.
.List	Series.List	Access list operations.
.Str	Series.Str	Access string manipulation operations.
.Struct	Series.Struct	Access struct operations.

Properties & Indexers

Property	Type	Description
DataType	DataType	Get the DataType of the Series.
DtypeStr	string	Get the string representation of the Series Data Type (e.g., "Int64", "String").
IsContiguous	bool	Determines if the Series memory is physically contiguous (i.e., consists of a single chunk).
Length	int64	-
NChunks	int64	Gets the number of underlying Arrow memory chunks.
Name	string	-
NullCount	int64	Get the number of null values in the Series. This is an O(1) operation (metadata access).
Shape	int64[]	Shape of this Series. In Polars, a Series is always 1D, so this returns an array of length 1.
SortedFlags	SortStateFlags	Gets the current sorting state flags of this series from the underlying native engine.

Constructors & Static Methods

create

Supports: - Primitives ('T) - Option types ('T option) - ValueOption types ('T voption) Create a Series directly from a ReadOnlySpan.

Create a Series directly from a Span.

Create a Series from any sequence (List, Seq, etc.). Intelligently routes F# specific types (option/voption) to CreateSpan, while routing standard .NET types to the zero-allocation CreateGenericType.

static member create(name: string, data: ReadOnlySpan<'T>) : Series
static member create(name: string, data: Span<'T>) : Series
static member create(name: string, data: seq<'T>) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	-
data	ReadOnlySpan<'T> / seq<'T>	-

---

ofExpr

Create Series From single column expression.

static member ofExpr(expr: Expr) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
expr	Expr	-

---

ofTensor

Converts an N-Dimensional .NET Tensor into a Polars Series. Automatically infers the rank and dynamically wraps the data into Polars native types: - 1D Tensors map to flat primitive columns (e.g., Float32, Int32). - N-D Tensors map to nested Array columns (e.g., Array[f32, (H, W)]).

static member ofTensor(name: string, tensor: ReadOnlyTensorSpan<'T>) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	The column name for the newly created Series.
tensor	ReadOnlyTensorSpan<'T>	The source TensorSpan. Supports sliced and transposed views safely.

Returns: A new Polars Series instance encapsulating the tensor data.

NOTE

For memory safety against non-contiguous tensor views (like transpositions), this method performs a memory materialization (Flatten) before mapping to Arrow's C Data Interface.

---

Operators

( + ) Addition

Add a scalar value to all elements of the Series.

Add a scalar value to all elem ents of the Series.

static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: string) : Series
static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeSpan) : Series
static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series
static member op_Addition(lhs: Series, rhs: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / float / int64 / float32 / string / TimeSpan / decimal / bool	-

---

op_BangEquals

static member op_BangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series	-

---

( ! ) Logical NOT

static member op_Dereference(s: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
s	Series	-

---

( / ) Division

static member op_Division(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_Division(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_Division(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_Division(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_Division(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_Division(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / int64 / float / float32 / decimal	-

---

op_DotAt

static member op_DotAt(s1: Series, s2: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
s1	Series	-
s2	Series	-

---

( .!= ) Not Equal

static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: string) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: DateTime) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeOnly) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: DateOnly) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeSpan) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series
static member op_DotBangEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	int / int64 / string / float / float32 / DateTime / TimeOnly / DateOnly / TimeSpan / decimal / bool	-

---

op_DotEquals

static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: string) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: DateTime) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeOnly) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: DateOnly) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeSpan) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series
static member op_DotEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / int64 / float / string / float32 / DateTime / TimeOnly / DateOnly / TimeSpan / decimal / bool	-

---

( .> ) Greater Than

static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: DateTime) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeOnly) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: DateOnly) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeSpan) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series
static member op_DotGreater(lhs: Series, rhs: string) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / int64 / float / float32 / DateTime / TimeOnly / DateOnly / TimeSpan / decimal / string	-

---

( .>= ) Greater Or Equal

static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: DateTime) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeOnly) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: DateOnly) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeSpan) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series
static member op_DotGreaterEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: string) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / int64 / float / float32 / DateTime / TimeOnly / DateOnly / TimeSpan / decimal / string	-

---

( .< ) Less Than

static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: DateTime) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeOnly) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: DateOnly) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeSpan) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series
static member op_DotLess(lhs: Series, rhs: string) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / int64 / float / float32 / DateTime / TimeOnly / DateOnly / TimeSpan / decimal / string	-

---

( .<= ) Less Or Equal

static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: DateTime) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeOnly) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: DateOnly) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeSpan) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series
static member op_DotLessEquals(lhs: Series, rhs: string) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / int64 / float / float32 / DateTime / TimeOnly / DateOnly / TimeSpan / decimal / string	-

---

( .** ) Power

Power with double exponent.

Power with single exponent.

Power with int64 exponent.

Power with integer exponent.

static member op_DotMultiplyMultiply(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_DotMultiplyMultiply(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_DotMultiplyMultiply(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_DotMultiplyMultiply(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_DotMultiplyMultiply(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / float32 / int64	-

---

( <<< ) Left Shift

static member op_LeftShift(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	int	-

---

( ~~~ ) Bitwise NOT

static member op_LogicalNot(s: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
s	Series	-

---

( % ) Modulus

static member op_Modulus(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_Modulus(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_Modulus(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / int64	-

---

( * ) Multiply

static member op_Multiply(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_Multiply(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_Multiply(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_Multiply(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_Multiply(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_Multiply(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / int64 / float / float32 / decimal	-

---

( >>> ) Right Shift

static member op_RightShift(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	int	-

---

( - ) Subtraction

static member op_Subtraction(lhs: Series, rhs: Series) : Series
static member op_Subtraction(lhs: Series, rhs: int) : Series
static member op_Subtraction(lhs: Series, rhs: float) : Series
static member op_Subtraction(lhs: Series, rhs: int64) : Series
static member op_Subtraction(lhs: Series, rhs: float32) : Series
static member op_Subtraction(lhs: Series, rhs: TimeSpan) : Series
static member op_Subtraction(lhs: Series, rhs: decimal) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lhs	Series	-
rhs	Series / int / float / int64 / float32 / TimeSpan / decimal	-

---

Instance Methods

Abs

Absolute value.

member Abs : unit -> Series

---

Add

Add two Series.

member Add(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

All

Compute the bitwise XOR of the elements in this series.

member All(?ignoreNulls: bool) : bool option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
ignoreNulls	bool (optional)	-

---

Any

Compute the bitwise XOR of the elements in this series.

member Any(?ignoreNulls: bool) : bool option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
ignoreNulls	bool (optional)	-

---

Append

Append a Series to this one. The resulting series will consist of multiple chunks.

member Append(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	Series to append.

---

AppendInplace

Appends another Series to this one in-place, mutating the underlying chunks. Returns unit to indicate side-effects.

member AppendInplace(other: Series) : unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	Series to append.

---

ApproxNUnique

Get an approximation of the number of unique values in this Series. Uses HyperLogLog algorithm for fast, memory-efficient counting.

member ApproxNUnique : unit -> int64

Returns: Approximate count of unique values.

---

ArcCos

Compute the element-wise inverse cosine.

member ArcCos : unit -> Series

---

ArcCosh

Compute the element-wise inverse hyperbolic cosine.

member ArcCosh : unit -> Series

---

ArcSin

Compute the element-wise inverse sine.

member ArcSin : unit -> Series

---

ArcSinh

Compute the element-wise inverse hyperbolic sine.

member ArcSinh : unit -> Series

---

ArcTan

Compute the element-wise inverse tangent.

member ArcTan : unit -> Series

---

ArcTanh

Compute the element-wise inverse hyperbolic tangent.

member ArcTanh : unit -> Series

---

ArgMax

Compute the index of the maximum value of the elements in this series.

member ArgMax : unit -> int64 option

---

ArgMin

Compute the index of the minimum value of the elements in this series.

member ArgMin : unit -> int64 option

---

ArgSort

Get the index values that would sort this expression.

member ArgSort(?descending: bool, ?nullsLast: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
descending	bool (optional)	If true, sort in descending order. Default is false.
nullsLast	bool (optional)	If true, place null values last. Default is false.

---

ArgTrue

Get index values where Boolean Series evaluate True.

member ArgTrue : unit -> Series

Returns: Series of data type UInt32.

---

ArgUnique

Get the index of the unique values.

member ArgUnique : unit -> Series

---

As

Returns a zero-allocation struct enumerator for strongly-typed iteration. Usage: for v in series.As{int}() do ...

member As : unit -> SeriesEnumerator<'T>

---

AsDangerousUnmanagedTensor

Extracts the raw unmanaged pointer and shape metadata of the underlying physical Arrow memory. Designed for zero-copy integrations with native C++ Machine Learning backends like ONNX Runtime or TorchSharp.

member AsDangerousUnmanagedTensor : unit -> (IntPtr * int64[])
member AsDangerousUnmanagedTensor(shape: ReadOnlySpan<IntPtr>) : (IntPtr * int64[])

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
shape	ReadOnlySpan<IntPtr>	-

Returns: A tuple containing the raw IntPtr to the first element, and a long[] representing the tensor shape.

NOTE

DANGER (LIFECYCLE WARNING): This is a zero-copy operation. The returned IntPtr points directly to native memory managed by the Rust Polars engine. It is ONLY valid as long as this Series instance remains alive. You MUST ensure the Series is not garbage collected or explicitly disposed while the native pointer is still in use by an external FFI library, otherwise it will result in a fatal segmentation fault.

---

AsPolarsQueryable

Transposes a Series into a native Polars LINQ queryable.

Directly creates an IQueryable with type inferred from an existing sample sequence

member AsPolarsQueryable : unit -> IQueryable<'T>
member AsPolarsQueryable(sample: seq<'T>) : IQueryable<'T>

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
sample	seq<'T>	-

---

AsQueryable

Converts a Series into an IQueryable LINQ query provider backed by Polars. For Struct Series, it is unnested into a multi-column DataFrame matching the struct fields. For scalar and other Series, it is converted into a single-column DataFrame.

Directly creates an IQueryable with type inferred from an existing sample sequence

member AsQueryable : unit -> IQueryable<'T>
member AsQueryable(sample: seq<'T>) : IQueryable<'T>

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
sample	seq<'T>	-

---

AsReadOnlySpan

Generate zero-copy ReadOnlySpan from a numeric Series.

member AsReadOnlySpan : unit -> ReadOnlySpan<'T>

---

AsSeq

Explicitly transitions the Series to a managed sequence ('T seq) for client-side evaluation.

member AsSeq : unit -> seq<'T>

---

AsTensor

Deep copies the underlying Arrow memory into a managed .NET Tensor{T} on the garbage-collected heap. Automatically infers the rank and dimensions: 1D data is promoted to a [N, 1] column vector, while 2D nested data becomes an [N, M] matrix.

Deep copies the underlying Arrow memory into a managed .NET Tensor{T} with an explicit N-dimensional shape.

member AsTensor : unit -> Tensor<'T>
member AsTensor(shape: ReadOnlySpan<IntPtr>) : Tensor<'T>

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
shape	ReadOnlySpan<IntPtr>	The target dimensions. The total number of elements must match the underlying Arrow memory length.

Returns: A new managed Tensor{T} containing the copied data. / A new managed Tensor{T} reshaped to the specified dimensions.

NOTE

Unlike AsTensorSpan{T}, this method allocates memory and performs a safe physical copy. The returned Tensor is completely independent of the Polars engine, making it safe to pass across threads or await inside asynchronous (async/Task) workflows. This method performs a safe physical copy to the managed heap. It is highly useful when reshaping flat or nested Arrow arrays into higher-dimensional structures (e.g., 3D/4D image batches like [Batch, Channel, Height, Width]) required by Machine Learning models.

---

AsTensorSpan

Generates a zero-copy Tensor representation from the Series. Automatically infers the shape: - 1D [Rows] for flat numeric columns. - 2D [Rows, ListSize] for List/Array columns (Perfect for Embeddings or Feature Matrices).

Generates a zero-copy N-Dimensional Tensor representation from the Series. Allows explicit reshaping of the underlying memory (e.g., for 3D/4D image matrices).

member AsTensorSpan : unit -> ReadOnlyTensorSpan<'T>
member AsTensorSpan(shape: ReadOnlySpan<IntPtr>) : ReadOnlyTensorSpan<'T>

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
shape	ReadOnlySpan<IntPtr>	The desired dimensions. Total elements must match the underlying memory.

Returns: A ReadOnlyTensorSpan representing the underlying Arrow memory. / A reshaped ReadOnlyTensorSpan representing the underlying Arrow memory.

---

AsTransposedTensorSpan

Generates a zero-copy, transposed 2D Tensor representation from a List or Array Series. By manipulating memory strides, it returns an (N x M) view of an (M x N) matrix without moving bytes.

member AsTransposedTensorSpan : unit -> ReadOnlyTensorSpan<'T>

Returns: A transposed ReadOnlyTensorSpan{T} pointing to the original Arrow memory.

NOTE

This is useful when bridging with external Machine Learning libraries (like ONNX or native C++ math backends) that expect Column-Major order or specifically require a transposed matrix.

---

BackwardFill

Fill null values with the next non-null value.

member BackwardFill(?limit: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
limit	int (optional)	Max number of consecutive nulls to fill.

---

BitLeftShift

Bitwise left shift.

member BitLeftShift(n: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int	-

---

BitRightShift

Bitwise right shift.

member BitRightShift(n: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int	-

---

BitwiseAnd

Compute the bitwise AND of the elements in this series.

member BitwiseAnd : unit -> Series
member BitwiseAnd : unit -> 'T option

---

BitwiseCountOnes

Get the number of set bits (1s) in the binary representation of the integer.

member BitwiseCountOnes : unit -> Series

---

BitwiseCountZeros

Get the number of unset bits (0s) in the binary representation of the integer.

member BitwiseCountZeros : unit -> Series

---

BitwiseLeadingOnes

Get the number of leading unset bits (0s) in the binary representation of the integer.

member BitwiseLeadingOnes : unit -> Series

---

BitwiseLeadingZeros

Get the number of leading set bits (1s) in the binary representation of the integer.

member BitwiseLeadingZeros : unit -> Series

---

BitwiseOr

Compute the bitwise OR of the elements in this series.

member BitwiseOr : unit -> Series
member BitwiseOr : unit -> 'T option

---

BitwiseTrailingOnes

Get the number of trailing set bits (1s) in the binary representation of the integer.

member BitwiseTrailingOnes : unit -> Series

---

BitwiseTrailingZeros

Get the number of trailing unset bits (0s) in the binary representation of the integer.

member BitwiseTrailingZeros : unit -> Series

---

BitwiseXor

Compute the bitwise XOR of the elements in this series.

member BitwiseXor : unit -> Series
member BitwiseXor : unit -> 'T option

---

BottomK

Get the k smallest elements. Result is sorted ascending.

member BottomK(k: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
k	int	-

---

BottomKBy

Get bottom k elements of this Series, sorted by another Series.

Get bottom k elements of this Series, sorted by another Expr.

member BottomKBy(k: int, by: Series, ?reverse: bool) : Series
member BottomKBy(k: int, by: Expr, ?reverse: bool) : Series
member BottomKBy(k: int, by: seq<'a>, ?reverse: seq<bool>) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
k	int	-
by	Series / Expr / seq<'a>	-
reverse	bool (optional) / seq<bool> (optional)	-

---

Cast

Cast Series to another DataType.

Cast the series to a specific .NET type.

member Cast(dtype: DataType, ?strict: bool, ?wrapNumerical: bool) : Series
member Cast(?strict: bool, ?wrapNumerical: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
dtype	DataType	The target type
strict	bool (optional)	Throws an error if conversion had overflows.
wrapNumerical	bool (optional)	Allows wrapping numerical overflow.

Returns: A new Series of the target type.

---

Cbrt

Cube root.

member Cbrt : unit -> Series

---

Ceil

Round up to the nearest integer.

member Ceil : unit -> Series

---

ChunkLengths

Get the length of each individual chunk.

member ChunkLengths : unit -> int64[]

Returns: An array of lengths as primitive int64 values.

---

Clear

Create an empty copy of the current Series, with zero to ‘n’ elements. The copy has an identical name/dtype, but no data.

member Clear(?n: uint32) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	uint32 (optional)	-

---

Clip

Constrain the values in the Series to a given range.

Set values outside bounds to scalar boundary values.

member Clip(?lowerBound: Expr, ?upperBound: Expr) : Series
member Clip(lowerBound: 'T, upperBound: 'T) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lowerBound	Expr (optional) / 'T	Lower bound expression.
upperBound	Expr (optional) / 'T	Upper bound expression.

Returns: Series with values constrained to the given range.

---

Clip$W

member Clip$W(this: Series, lowerBound: 'T, upperBound: 'T) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
this	Series	-
lowerBound	'T	-
upperBound	'T	-

---

Clone

member Clone : unit -> Series

---

Cos

Compute the element-wise cosine.

member Cos : unit -> Series

---

Cosh

Compute the element-wise hyperbolic cosine.

member Cosh : unit -> Series

---

Cot

Compute the element-wise value for the cotangent.

member Cot : unit -> Series

---

Count

Compute the count of the elements in this series.

member Count : unit -> int64

---

CumCount

Get an array with the cumulative count computed at every element.

member CumCount(?reverse: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
reverse	bool (optional)	Reverse the operation.

---

CumMax

Get an array with the cumulative max computed at every element.

member CumMax(?reverse: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
reverse	bool (optional)	Reverse the operation.

---

CumMin

Get an array with the cumulative min computed at every element.

member CumMin(?reverse: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
reverse	bool (optional)	Reverse the operation.

---

CumProd

Get an array with the cumulative prod computed at every element.

member CumProd(?reverse: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
reverse	bool (optional)	Reverse the operation.

---

CumSum

Get an array with the cumulative sum computed at every element.

member CumSum(?reverse: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
reverse	bool (optional)	Reverse the operation.

---

CumulativeEval

member CumulativeEval(expr: Expr, ?minSamples: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
expr	Expr	-
minSamples	int (optional)	-

---

Cut

Cut the series into bins based on the given breaks.

member Cut(
    breaks: seq<float>,
    ?labels: seq<string>,
    ?leftClosed: bool,
    ?includeBreaks: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
breaks	seq<float>	-
labels	seq<string> (optional)	-
leftClosed	bool (optional)	-
includeBreaks	bool (optional)	-

---

Describe

member Describe : unit -> DataFrame

---

Diff

Calculate the difference with a given period.

Diff by 1.

member Diff(n: int64) : Series
member Diff(n: int) : Series
member Diff : unit -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int64	-

---

Div

Divide two Series.

member Div(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

Dot

Compute the dot/inner product between two Series.

member Dot(other: Series) : Series
member Dot(other: Series) : 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

DropNans

Drop nan values.

member DropNans : unit -> Series

---

DropNulls

Drop null values.

member DropNulls : unit -> Series

---

Entropy

Compute the Shannon entropy of the given Series.

member Entropy(?baseval: float, ?normalize: bool) : float option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
baseval	float (optional)	-
normalize	bool (optional)	-

---

Eq

Compare two Series for equality.

member Eq(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

EqMissing

Compare two Series for equality, ignoring nulls.

member EqMissing(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

EstimatedSize

Return an estimation of the total (heap) allocated size of the Series. Estimated size is given in the specified unit (bytes by default).

member EstimatedSize(unit: SizeUnit) : float

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
unit	SizeUnit	Scale the returned size to the given unit (uses 1024 base).

Returns: The estimated size as a double.

---

EwmMean

Compute exponentially-weighted moving average.

member EwmMean(
    alpha: float,
    ?adjust: bool,
    ?bias: bool,
    ?minPeriods: int,
    ?ignoreNulls: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
alpha	float	Specify smoothing factor alpha directly. Constraint: 0 < alpha <= 1
adjust	bool (optional)	If true, divide by decaying adjustment factor in beginning periods to account for imbalance in relative weightings (viewing data as finite history). If false, assume infinite history.
bias	bool (optional)	If true, use a biased estimator (Standard deviation uses N in denominator). If false, use an unbiased estimator (Standard deviation uses N-1). Note: This is primarily relevant for Variance/StdDev. For Mean, it typically defaults to true.
minPeriods	int (optional)	Minimum number of observations in window required to have a value (otherwise result is null).
ignoreNulls	bool (optional)	Ignore missing values when calculating weights.

Returns: A new expression representing the EWM mean.

---

EwmMeanBy

Compute exponentially-weighted moving average based on a temporal or index column.

member EwmMeanBy(by: Expr, halfLife: string) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
by	Expr	The column used to determine the distance between observations. Supported data types: Date, DateTime, UInt64, UInt32, Int64, or Int32.
halfLife	string	The unit over which an observation decays to half its value. Supported string formats: - Time unitsns (nanosecond), us (microsecond), ms (millisecond), s (second), m (minute), h (hour), d (day), w (week). - Index unitsi (index count). Example: "2i" means decay by half every 2 index steps. - CompoundExample: "3d12h4m25s". Warning:halfLife is treated as a constant duration. Calendar durations such as months (mo) or years (y) are NOT supported because they vary in length. Please express such durations in hours (e.g. use '730h' instead of '1mo').

Returns: A new expression representing the time/index-based EWM mean.

---

EwmStd

Compute exponentially-weighted moving standard deviation.

member EwmStd(
    alpha: float,
    ?adjust: bool,
    ?bias: bool,
    ?minPeriods: int,
    ?ignoreNulls: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
alpha	float	Specify smoothing factor alpha directly. Constraint: 0 < alpha <= 1
adjust	bool (optional)	If true, divide by decaying adjustment factor in beginning periods to account for imbalance in relative weightings (viewing data as finite history). If false, assume infinite history.
bias	bool (optional)	If true, use a biased estimator (Standard deviation uses N in denominator). If false, use an unbiased estimator (Standard deviation uses N-1). Note: This is primarily relevant for Variance/StdDev. For Mean, it typically defaults to true.
minPeriods	int (optional)	Minimum number of observations in window required to have a value (otherwise result is null).
ignoreNulls	bool (optional)	Ignore missing values when calculating weights.

Returns: A new expression representing the EWM standard deviation.

---

EwmSum

Compute exponentially-weighted moving sum.

member EwmSum(
    alpha: float,
    ?adjust: bool,
    ?bias: bool,
    ?minPeriods: int,
    ?ignoreNulls: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
alpha	float	-
adjust	bool (optional)	-
bias	bool (optional)	-
minPeriods	int (optional)	-
ignoreNulls	bool (optional)	-

---

EwmSumBy

Compute exponentially-weighted moving sum based on a temporal or index column.

member EwmSumBy(by: Expr, halfLife: string) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
by	Expr	-
halfLife	string	-

---

EwmVar

Compute exponentially-weighted moving variance.

member EwmVar(
    alpha: float,
    ?adjust: bool,
    ?bias: bool,
    ?minPeriods: int,
    ?ignoreNulls: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
alpha	float	Specify smoothing factor alpha directly. Constraint: 0 < alpha <= 1
adjust	bool (optional)	If true, divide by decaying adjustment factor in beginning periods to account for imbalance in relative weightings (viewing data as finite history). If false, assume infinite history.
bias	bool (optional)	If true, use a biased estimator (Standard deviation uses N in denominator). If false, use an unbiased estimator (Standard deviation uses N-1). Note: This is primarily relevant for Variance/StdDev. For Mean, it typically defaults to true.
minPeriods	int (optional)	Minimum number of observations in window required to have a value (otherwise result is null).
ignoreNulls	bool (optional)	Ignore missing values when calculating weights.

Returns: A new expression representing the EWM variance.

---

Exp

Exponential (e^x).

member Exp : unit -> Series

---

Explode

Explode a list column into multiple rows. The resulting Series will be longer than the original.

member Explode(?emptyAsNull: bool, ?keepNulls: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
emptyAsNull	bool (optional)	-
keepNulls	bool (optional)	-

---

Extend

Extend the memory backed by this Series with the values from another. Different from append, which adds the chunks from other to the chunks of this series, extend appends the data from other to the underlying memory locations and thus may cause a reallocation (which is expensive). If this does not cause a reallocation, the resulting data structure will not have any extra chunks and thus will yield faster queries.

member Extend(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	Series to extend the series with.

---

ExtendConstant

Extending the Series with ‘n’ copies of a value.

member ExtendConstant(value: Expr, n: Expr) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
value	Expr	A constant literal value or a unit expression with which to extend the expression result Series; can pass None to extend with nulls.
n	Expr	The number of additional values that will be added.

---

ExtendInplace

Extends the memory backed by this Series with the values from another in-place. This directly mutates the underlying memory buffer and may trigger reallocation. Returns unit to explicitly indicate in-place side effects.

member ExtendInplace(other: Series) : unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	Series to extend this series with.

---

FillNan

Fill floating-point NaN values using an expression.

Fill floating point NaN values with a literal value.

Fill floating-point NaN values with a literal float32.

Fill NaN values with values from another Series.

member FillNan(expr: Expr) : Series
member FillNan(fillValue: float) : Series
member FillNan(fillValue: float32) : Series
member FillNan(fillValue: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
expr	Expr	The expression providing replacement values.
fillValue	float / float32 / Series	The float32 value to replace NaN with.

Returns: A new Series with NaN values replaced.

---

FillNull

Fill nulls using an expression (mostly for internal use or complex literals).

Fill null values with a scalar literal.

Fill null values with values from another Series. Useful for coalescing.

Fills null values using a built-in strategy (Forward, Backward, Mean, etc.).

member FillNull(expr: Expr) : Series
member FillNull(fillValue: 'T) : Series
member FillNull(fillValue: Series) : Series
member FillNull(strategies: FillNullStrategy, ?limit: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
expr	Expr	-
fillValue	'T / Series	-
strategies	FillNullStrategy	-
limit	int (optional)	-

---

FillNull$W

member FillNull$W(this: Series, fillValue: 'T) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
this	Series	-
fillValue	'T	-

---

Filter

Filter a series using a boolean series.

Filter a series using a boolean sequence.

member Filter(predicate: Series) : Series
member Filter(predicate: seq<bool>) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	Series / seq<bool>	Boolean series used to filter the current series.

Returns: A new series with filtered values.

---

FilterWith

member FilterWith(predicate: ('T -> bool)) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	('T -> bool)	-

---

First

Compute the first non-null scalar value of this series.

member First : unit -> Series
member First : unit -> 'T option

---

Floor

Round down to the nearest integer.

member Floor : unit -> Series

---

FloorDiv

Floor division (integer result).

Floor division (scalar).

member FloorDiv(other: Series) : Series
member FloorDiv(other: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series / int	-

---

ForwardFill

Fill null values with the previous non-null value.

member ForwardFill(?limit: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
limit	int (optional)	Max number of consecutive nulls to fill.

---

FromArrow

Converts an Arrow array to a Series.

member FromArrow(name: string, arrowArray: IArrowArray) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	-
arrowArray	IArrowArray	-

---

FromEpoch

Create a new Series from epoch time.

member FromEpoch(?timeUnit: EpochTimeUnit) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
timeUnit	EpochTimeUnit (optional)	-

---

Gather

Gather values by an index expression.

member Gather(indices: Expr) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
indices	Expr	-

---

GatherEvery

Take every nth value starting from an offset.

member GatherEvery(n: uint64, ?offset: uint64) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	uint64	-
offset	uint64 (optional)	-

---

Get

Get a single value by index. Returns a scalar.

member Get(index: Expr, ?nullOnOutOfBounds: bool) : Series
member Get(index: uint64, ?nullOnOutOfBounds: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	Expr / uint64	The index expression.
nullOnOutOfBounds	bool (optional)	If true, returns Null when the index is out of bounds instead of raising an error.

---

GetList

Get a value as an F# List ('T list). Automatically handles conversion from .NET List (ResizeArray).

member GetList(index: int64) : 'Elem list

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	int64	-

---

GetSlice

F# Slice Indexer for syntax like s[1..5] or s[..^1].

member GetSlice(start: int64 option, finish: int64 option) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
start	int64 option	The optional inclusive start index.
finish	int64 option	The optional inclusive end index.

Returns: A new sliced Series subset.

---

GetValue

Gets a single scalar value by 64-bit index.

Get scalar value with full bounds and null checks.

member GetValue(index: int64, uncheck: bool) : 'T
member GetValue(index: int64) : 'T

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	int64	The 64-bit row index.
uncheck	bool	If true, bypasses boundary checking and null bitmap validation (internal fast-path).

---

GetValueOption

Get an item as an F# Option. Ideal for safe handling of nulls in Polars series.

member GetValueOption(index: int64) : 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	int64	-

---

Gt

Check if values in the first Series are greater than the second Series.

member Gt(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

GtEq

Check if values in the first Series are greater than or equal to the second Series.

member GtEq(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

HasNulls

Check whether the Series contains one or more null values.

member HasNulls : unit -> bool

---

Hash

Compute the hash of the given Series.

member Hash(
    ?seed: uint64,
    ?seed1: uint64,
    ?seed2: uint64,
    ?seed3: uint64
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
seed	uint64 (optional)	-
seed1	uint64 (optional)	-
seed2	uint64 (optional)	-
seed3	uint64 (optional)	-

---

Hist

Create a histogram of the given series.

member Hist(
    ?bins: Expr,
    ?binCount: int,
    ?includeCategory: bool,
    ?includeBreakPoint: bool
) : DataFrame

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
bins	Expr (optional)	-
binCount	int (optional)	-
includeCategory	bool (optional)	-
includeBreakPoint	bool (optional)	-

---

Implode

Aggregate values into a list. Result is a Series with 1 row containing a List of all values.

member Implode : unit -> Series

---

IndexOf

Find the index of the first occurrence of a specific value.

member IndexOf(element: Expr) : int option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
element	Expr	The element expression to search for.

---

Interpolate

Interpolate intermediate values. The interpolation method can be configured.

Nulls at the beginning and end of the series remain null.

member Interpolate(?method: InterpolationMethod) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
method	InterpolationMethod (optional)	Interpolation method (Linear or Nearest).

---

InterpolateBy

Interpolates intermediate values guided by an independent variable series.

member InterpolateBy(by: Series) : Series
member InterpolateBy(by: Expr) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
by	Series / Expr	-

---

IsBetween

Check if values are between lower and upper bounds.

member IsBetween(lower: Expr, upper: Expr, ?closedInterval: ClosedInterval) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lower	Expr	-
upper	Expr	-
closedInterval	ClosedInterval (optional)	-

---

IsClose

member IsClose(
    other: Expr,
    ?absTol: float,
    ?relTol: float,
    ?nansEqual: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Expr	-
absTol	float (optional)	-
relTol	float (optional)	-
nansEqual	bool (optional)	-

---

IsDuplicated

Get a boolean mask indicating which values are duplicated.

member IsDuplicated : unit -> Series

---

IsEmpty

True if the Series is empty.

member IsEmpty(?ignoreNulls: bool) : bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
ignoreNulls	bool (optional)	-

---

IsFinite

Check if floating point values are finite (not NaN and not Inf).

member IsFinite : unit -> Series

---

IsFirstDistinct

Return a boolean mask indicating the first occurrence of each distinct value.

member IsFirstDistinct : unit -> Series

---

IsIn

Check if elements of this Series are in the other Series.

Check if elements of this Series are in the collections.

member IsIn(other: Series, ?nullsEqual: bool) : Series
member IsIn(collection: seq<'T>, ?nullsEqual: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-
nullsEqual	bool (optional)	-
collection	seq<'T>	-

---

IsInfinite

Check if floating point values are infinite.

member IsInfinite : unit -> Series

---

IsLastDistinct

Return a boolean mask indicating the last occurrence of each distinct value.

member IsLastDistinct : unit -> Series

---

IsNan

Check if floating point values are NaN.

member IsNan : unit -> Series

---

IsNotNan

Check if floating point values are not NaN.

member IsNotNan : unit -> Series

---

IsNotNull

Returns a boolean Series indicating which values are not null.

member IsNotNull : unit -> Series

---

IsNull

Returns a boolean Series indicating which values are null.

member IsNull : unit -> Series

---

IsNullAt

Check whether indexed value is null。

Check whether indexed value is null.

member IsNullAt(index: int64, ?uncheck: bool) : bool
member IsNullAt(index: int, ?uncheck: bool) : bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	int64	-
uncheck	bool (optional)	-

---

IsSorted

Checks if the Series is sorted according to the given rules. If the metadata flag matches, returns O(1). Otherwise, scans the data O(N).

member IsSorted(?descending: bool, ?nullsLast: bool) : bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
descending	bool (optional)	-
nullsLast	bool (optional)	-

---

IsUnique

Get a boolean mask indicating which values are unique.

member IsUnique : unit -> Series

---

Item

[Indexer] Access value at specific index. Syntax: series.[index]

member Item(index: int) : 'T

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	int	-

---

Iter

Applies a dense action to non-null scalar elements in the Series. Null rows are automatically skipped.

member Iter(action: ('T -> unit)) : unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	('T -> unit)	Action invoked only for present scalar elements ('T -> unit).

---

Iter2

Pairwise dense traversal over two Series. Invokes action only when both elements are non-null.

member Iter2(other: Series, action: ('T1 -> ('T2 -> unit))) : unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-
action	('T1 -> ('T2 -> unit))	-

---

Iter2Opt

Pairwise traversal over two equal-length Series, passing ValueOptions for both columns. Guarantees that null occurrences in either Series can be explicitly observed and handled.

member Iter2Opt(other: Series, action: ('T1 voption -> ('T2 voption -> unit))) : unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-
action	('T1 voption -> ('T2 voption -> unit))	-

---

IterOpt

Applies an action to every row in the Series, passing a ValueOption representing whether the element is present (ValueSome 'T) or null (ValueNone). Never skips rows silently, allowing explicit handling of nulls.

member IterOpt(action: ('T voption -> unit)) : unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	('T voption -> unit)	Action invoked for every row ('T voption -> unit).

---

Iteri

Applies a dense action to non-null scalar elements along with their row index. Null rows are skipped.

member Iteri(action: (int64 -> ('T -> unit))) : unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	(int64 -> ('T -> unit))	-

---

IteriOpt

Applies an action to every row with its 64-bit index, passing a ValueOption for each row.

member IteriOpt(action: (int64 -> ('T voption -> unit))) : unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	(int64 -> ('T voption -> unit))	-

---

Kurtosis

Get the Kurtosis.

member Kurtosis(?fisher: bool, ?bias: bool) : float option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
fisher	bool (optional)	If True, Fisher’s definition is used (normal ==> 0.0). If False, Pearson’s definition is used (normal ==> 3.0).
bias	bool (optional)	If False, the calculations are corrected for statistical bias.

---

Last

Compute the last non-null scalar value of this series.

member Last : unit -> Series
member Last : unit -> 'T option

---

Len

Get the number of values in the Series.

member Len : unit -> int64

---

Ln

Natural logarithm (ln).

member Ln : unit -> Series

---

Log

Logarithm with scalar base.

member Log(baseVal: float) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
baseVal	float	-

---

Log10

Logarithm base 10.

member Log10 : unit -> Series

---

Log1p

Natural logarithm of 1 + x.

member Log1p : unit -> Series

---

LowerBound

Return the lower bound of this Series’ dtype as a unit Series.

member LowerBound : unit -> Series

---

Lt

Check if values in the first Series are less than the second Series.

member Lt(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

LtEq

Check if values in the first Series are less than or equal to the second Series.

member LtEq(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

Map

Apply a custom function (UDF) assuming the output type is the same as the input.

Map values using a standard F# function. Automatically wraps it using Udf.map.

member Map(func: (IArrowArray -> IArrowArray)) : Series
member Map(f: ('T -> 'U)) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
func	(IArrowArray -> IArrowArray)	The compiled UDF.
f	('T -> 'U)	-

---

MapArrow

Apply a custom function (UDF) to the Series. Uses Apache Arrow arrays for high-performance data transfer.

member MapArrow(func: (IArrowArray -> IArrowArray), ?returnType: DataType) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
func	(IArrowArray -> IArrowArray)	The compiled UDF (created via Udf.map or Udf.mapOption).
returnType	DataType (optional)	The expected output DataType. Required for Polars query planning.

---

MapOption

Map values using an F# function that handles Options. Automatically wraps it using Udf.mapOption.

member MapOption(f: ('T option -> 'U option)) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
f	('T option -> 'U option)	-

---

MapValueOption

Map values using an F# function that handles Value Options. Automatically wraps it using Udf.mapValueOption.

member MapValueOption(f: ('T voption -> 'U voption)) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
f	('T voption -> 'U voption)	-

---

Max

Compute the maximum scalar value of this series.

member Max : unit -> Series
member Max : unit -> 'T option

---

MaxBy

Compute the maximum value of the elements in this series, grouped by another series.

member MaxBy(by: Expr) : Series
member MaxBy(by: Expr) : 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
by	Expr	-

---

Mean

Compute the mean of the elements in this series.

member Mean : unit -> Series
member Mean : unit -> 'T option

---

Median

Get the median.

member Median : unit -> 'T option

Returns: A new Series containing the Median (length 1).

---

Min

Compute the minimum scalar value of this series.

member Min : unit -> Series
member Min : unit -> 'T option

---

MinBy

Compute the minimum value of the elements in this series, grouped by another series.

member MinBy(by: Expr) : Series
member MinBy(by: Expr) : 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
by	Expr	-

---

Mod

Modulo (remainder).

Modulo (scalar).

member Mod(other: Series) : Series
member Mod(other: int) : Series
member Mod(other: int64) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series / int / int64	-

---

Mode

Get the mode.

member Mode(?maintainOrder: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
maintainOrder	bool (optional)	-

Returns: A new Series containing the Mode (length 1).

---

Mul

Multiply two Series.

member Mul(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

NUnique

Count the number of unique values.

member NUnique : unit -> int64

---

NanMax

Compute the maximum scalar value of this series, ignoring NaN values.

member NanMax : unit -> Series
member NanMax : unit -> 'T option

---

NanMin

Compute the minimum scalar value of this series, ignoring NaN values.

member NanMin : unit -> Series
member NanMin : unit -> 'T option

---

Neq

Compare two Series for inequality.

member Neq(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

NeqMissing

Compare two Series for inequality, ignoring nulls.

member NeqMissing(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

NewFromIndex

Create a new Series filled with values from the given index.

member NewFromIndex(index: int64, length: int64) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	int64	-
length	int64	-

---

Not

Negate the boolean values in a Boolean Series. True becomes False, False becomes True.

member Not : unit -> Series

---

PctChange

Computes percentage change between values. Percentage change (as fraction) between current element and most-recent non-null element at least n period(s) before the current element. Computes the change from the previous row by default.

member PctChange(?n: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int (optional)	Periods to shift for forming percent change.Default:1

Returns: A new Series containing the Var (length 1).

---

PeakMax

Peak maximum value of the series.

member PeakMax : unit -> Series

---

PeakMin

Peak minimum value of the series.

member PeakMin : unit -> Series

---

Pow

Power with double exponent.

Power with single exponent.

Power with int64 exponent.

Power with integer exponent.

Power with Series exponent.

member Pow(exponent: float) : Series
member Pow(exponent: float32) : Series
member Pow(exponent: int64) : Series
member Pow(exponent: int) : Series
member Pow(exponent: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
exponent	float / float32 / int64 / Series	-

---

Product

Compute the product of the elements in this series.

member Product : unit -> Series
member Product : unit -> 'T option

---

QCut

Quantile cut the series into bins based on the given quantiles.

member QCut(
    quantiles: seq<float>,
    ?labels: seq<string>,
    ?leftClosed: bool,
    ?allowDuplicates: bool,
    ?includeBreaks: bool
) : Series

member QCut(
    quantiles: int,
    ?labels: seq<string>,
    ?leftClosed: bool,
    ?allowDuplicates: bool,
    ?includeBreaks: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
quantiles	seq<float> / int	-
labels	seq<string> (optional)	-
leftClosed	bool (optional)	-
allowDuplicates	bool (optional)	-
includeBreaks	bool (optional)	-

---

Quantile

Get the quantile.

member Quantile(q: float, ?interpolation: QuantileMethod) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
q	float	Quantile between 0.0 and 1.0.
interpolation	QuantileMethod (optional)	Interpolation method ("nearest", "higher", "lower", "midpoint", "linear"). Default "linear".

---

Rank

Assign ranks to data, dealing with ties appropriately.

member Rank(?method: RankMethod, ?descending: bool, ?seed: uint64) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
method	RankMethod (optional)	The method used to assign ranks to tied elements. See RankMethod for details. Default is RankMethod.Average.
descending	bool (optional)	Rank in descending order.
seed	uint64 (optional)	If method="random", use this as seed.

---

Rechunk

member Rechunk : unit -> Series

Returns: A new Series instance backed by contiguous memory.

NOTE

Polars Operations like Appending or Filtering can create fragmented memory chunks. Calling Rechunk() merges these chunks into a single contiguous Arrow array. This is CRITICAL before zero-copy extracting native pointers for Tensors or FFI.

---

Reinterpret

Reinterpret the dtype of the Series.

member Reinterpret(?signed: bool) : Series
member Reinterpret(dtype: DataType) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
signed	bool (optional)	-
dtype	DataType	-

---

Rem

member Rem(other: Series) : Series
member Rem(other: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series / int	-

---

Rename

Rename the Series in-place. Returns self.

member Rename(name: string) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	-

---

RepeatBy

Repeat this Series by the given expression.

member RepeatBy(by: Expr) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
by	Expr	Expression to repeat by.

Returns: Series with values repeated by the given expression.

---

Replace

Replace values where the condition matches the old expression with the new expression.

Replace values with scalar.

member Replace(old: Expr, newExpr: Expr) : Series
member Replace(oldVal: 'Old, newVal: 'New) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
old	Expr	-
newExpr	Expr	-
oldVal	'Old	-
newVal	'New	-

---

Replace$W

member Replace$W(
    op_Dollar1: (LitMechanism -> ('New -> Expr)),
    this: Series,
    oldVal: 'Old,
    newVal: 'New
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
op_Dollar1	(LitMechanism -> ('New -> Expr))	-
this	Series	-
oldVal	'Old	-
newVal	'New	-

---

ReplaceStrict

member ReplaceStrict(
    old: Expr,
    newExpr: Expr,
    ?defaultExpr: Expr,
    ?returnDataType: DataTypeExpr
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
old	Expr	-
newExpr	Expr	-
defaultExpr	Expr (optional)	-
returnDataType	DataTypeExpr (optional)	-

---

Reshape

Reshape this Series to a flat Series or an Array Series.

member Reshape(dimensions: seq<int64>) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
dimensions	seq<int64>	Tuple of the dimension sizes. If a -1 is used in any of the dimensions, that dimension is inferred.

Returns: Tuple of the dimension sizes. If a -1 is used in any of the dimensions, that dimension is inferred.

---

Reverse

Reverse the order of the values in the Series. This is done in-place and will reallocate if the capacity is not sufficient.

member Reverse : unit -> Series

---

Rle

Run length encoding of the series.

member Rle : unit -> Series

---

RleId

Run length encoding of the series.

member RleId : unit -> Series

---

RollingKurtosis

Apply a rolling kurtosis over a window.

member RollingKurtosis(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool,
    ?fisher: bool,
    ?bias: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).
fisher	bool (optional)	If True, Fisher’s definition is used (normal ==> 0.0). If False, Pearson’s definition is used (normal ==> 3.0).
bias	bool (optional)	If False, the calculations are corrected for statistical bias.

Returns: A new Series with the rolling skew.

---

RollingMax

Apply a rolling max (moving max) over a window.

member RollingMax(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).

Returns: A new Series with the rolling maximum.

---

RollingMaxBy

Apply a rolling max (moving max) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingMaxBy(
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the dynamic window. Supported duration strings: "1d", "2h", "10s", "500ms", etc.
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling max.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

RollingMean

Apply a rolling average (moving average) over a window.

member RollingMean(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).

Returns: A new Series with the rolling average.

---

RollingMeanBy

Apply a rolling mean (moving average) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingMeanBy(
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the dynamic window. Supported duration strings: "1d", "2h", "10s", "500ms", etc.
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling mean.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

RollingMedian

Apply a rolling median (moving median) over a window.

member RollingMedian(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).

Returns: A new Series with the rolling median.

---

RollingMedianBy

Apply a rolling median (moving median) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingMedianBy(
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the dynamic window. Supported duration strings: "1d", "2h", "10s", "500ms", etc.
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling max.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

RollingMin

Apply a rolling min (moving min) over a window.

member RollingMin(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).

Returns: A new Series with the rolling minimum.

---

RollingMinBy

Apply a rolling min (moving min) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingMinBy(
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the dynamic window. Supported duration strings: "1d", "2h", "10s", "500ms", etc.
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling min.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

RollingQuantile

Apply a rolling quantile over a fixed window.

member RollingQuantile(
    quantile: float,
    method: QuantileMethod,
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
quantile	float	Quantile between 0.0 and 1.0 (e.g., 0.5 for median).
method	QuantileMethod	Interpolation method when the quantile lies between two data points.
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window. Format: "3i" (3 rows) or just a number string "3". For time-based windows (e.g. "2h"), use RollingQuantileBy instead.
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights for the window. The length must match the parsed window size. If null, equal weights are used.
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).

Returns: A new series representing the rolling quantile.

---

RollingQuantileBy

Apply a rolling quantile (moving quantile) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingQuantileBy(
    quantile: float,
    method: QuantileMethod,
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
quantile	float	Quantile between 0.0 and 1.0 (e.g., 0.5 for median).
method	QuantileMethod	Interpolation method when the quantile lies between two data points.
windowSize	Dur	The size of the time window as a TimeSpan. This will be automatically converted to a Polars duration string (e.g., 01:30:00 -> "1h30m").
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling quantile.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

RollingRank

Apply a rolling rank (moving rank) over a window.

member RollingRank(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?method: RankMethod,
    ?seed: uint64,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the time window as a TimeSpan. This will be automatically converted to a Polars duration string (e.g., 01:30:00 -> "1h30m").
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
method	RankMethod (optional)	The method used to assign ranks to tied elements. See RankMethod for details. Default is RankMethod.Average.
seed	uint64 (optional)	If method="random", use this as seed.
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).

---

RollingRankBy

Apply a rolling rank (moving rank) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingRankBy(
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?method: RollingRankMethod,
    ?seed: uint64,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the dynamic window. Supported duration strings: "1d", "2h", "10s", "500ms", etc.
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
method	RollingRankMethod (optional)	The method used to assign ranks to tied elements.
seed	uint64 (optional)	Seed for the random method (only relevant when method is Random).
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling rank.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

RollingSkew

Apply a rolling skew (moving skew) over a window.

member RollingSkew(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool,
    ?bias: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).
bias	bool (optional)	If False, the calculations are corrected for statistical bias.

Returns: A new Series with the rolling skew.

---

RollingStd

Apply a rolling standard deviation (moving standard deviation) over a window.

member RollingStd(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).

Returns: A new Series with the rolling standard deviation.

---

RollingStdBy

Apply a rolling standard deviation (moving standard deviation) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingStdBy(
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the dynamic window. Supported duration strings: "1d", "2h", "10s", "500ms", etc.
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling standard deviation.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

RollingSum

Apply a rolling sum (moving sum) over a window.

member RollingSum(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).

Returns: A new Series with the rolling sum.

---

RollingSumBy

Apply a rolling sum (moving sum) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingSumBy(
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the dynamic window. Supported duration strings: "1d", "2h", "10s", "500ms", etc.
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling sum.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

RollingVar

Apply a rolling variance (moving variance) over a window.

member RollingVar(
    windowSize: Dur,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?weights: float[],
    ?center: bool,
    ?ddof: byte
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the window formatted as a string duration. Examples: "3i" (3 index rows), "1d" (1 day), "1h" (1 hour).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a value (otherwise null).
weights	float[] (optional)	Optional weights to apply to the window. The length of the array should match the window size (if using fixed row windows). Default is null (unweighted).
center	bool (optional)	If true, the window is centered on the current observation. Default is false (right-aligned window, [i-window, i]).
ddof	byte (optional)	-

Returns: A new Series with the rolling variance.

---

RollingVarBy

Apply a rolling variance (moving variance) over a dynamic window defined by the values in the by column.

Unlike standard fixed-size rolling windows (which operate on row counts), this operates on values (typically time).

member RollingVarBy(
    windowSize: Dur,
    by: Expr,
    ?closed: ClosedInterval,
    ?minPeriod: int,
    ?ddof: byte
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
windowSize	Dur	The size of the dynamic window. Supported duration strings: "1d", "2h", "10s", "500ms", etc.
by	Expr	The column used to define the window (the "time" axis). Typically a Date or DateTime column, but can also be monotonic integers.
closed	ClosedInterval (optional)	Defines how the window interval is closed. Default is ClosedWindow.Left``[t - window, t).
minPeriod	int (optional)	The minimum number of observations in the window required to have a non-null result.
ddof	byte (optional)	“Delta Degrees of Freedom”: the divisor used in the calculation is N - ddof, where N represents the number of elements. By default ddof is 1.

Returns: A new series representing the dynamic rolling variance.

NOTE

The by column must be sorted in ascending order.

---

Round

Round to given decimals.

member Round(decimals: uint32, ?mode: RoundMode) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
decimals	uint32	-
mode	RoundMode (optional)	-

---

RoundSigFigs

Round to given significant figures.

member RoundSigFigs(digits: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
digits	int	-

---

SampleFrac

Sample a fraction of the Series elements.

member SampleFrac(
    fraction: Expr,
    ?withReplacement: bool,
    ?shuffle: bool,
    ?seed: uint64
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
fraction	Expr	-
withReplacement	bool (optional)	-
shuffle	bool (optional)	-
seed	uint64 (optional)	-

---

SampleN

Sample ‘n’ elements from this Series.

member SampleN(
    ?n: Expr,
    ?withReplacement: bool,
    ?shuffle: bool,
    ?seed: uint64
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	Expr (optional)	-
withReplacement	bool (optional)	-
shuffle	bool (optional)	-
seed	uint64 (optional)	-

---

SearchSorted

Find indices where elements should be inserted to maintain order (Binary Search).

member SearchSorted(element: Expr, ?side: SearchSortedSide, ?descending: bool) : int option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
element	Expr	The element expression to insert/search.
side	SearchSortedSide (optional)	The insertion side (Any, Left, Right). Default is Any.
descending	bool (optional)	Whether the target column is sorted in descending order. Default is false.

---

SetSorted

Flags the Series as ‘sorted’. Enables downstream code to user fast paths for sorted arrays.

member SetSorted(?descending: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
descending	bool (optional)	If the Series order is descending.

---

Shift

Shift the values by a given period.

Shift by 1.

member Shift(n: int64) : Series
member Shift(n: int) : Series
member Shift : unit -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int64	-

---

Show

Print the Series to Console.

member Show : unit -> unit

---

ShrinkToFit

Shrink Series memory usage.

member ShrinkToFit : unit -> Series

Returns: A new Series

---

ShrinkToFitInplace

Shrink Series memory usage.This won't return a new Series

member ShrinkToFitInplace : unit -> unit

---

Sign

Element-wise sign.

member Sign : unit -> Series

---

Sin

Compute the element-wise sine.

member Sin : unit -> Series

---

Sinh

Compute the element-wise hyperbolic sine.

member Sinh : unit -> Series

---

Skew

Get the Skew.

member Skew(?bias: bool) : float option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
bias	bool (optional)	If False, the calculations are corrected for statistical bias.

---

Slice

Slice the Series. Returns a new Series.

member Slice(offset: int64, ?length: uint64) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
offset	int64	Start index.
length	uint64 (optional)	Length of the slice.

---

Sort

Sort this Series. Returns a new Series.

member Sort(
    ?descending: bool,
    ?nullsLast: bool,
    ?maintainOrder: bool,
    ?multithreaded: bool
) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
descending	bool (optional)	Sort in descending order (default: false).
nullsLast	bool (optional)	Place null values last (default: false).
maintainOrder	bool (optional)	Maintain the order of equal elements (Stable sort) (default: false).
multithreaded	bool (optional)	Use multiple threads (default: true).

---

Sqrt

Square root.

member Sqrt : unit -> Series

---

Std

Get the standard deviation.

member Std(?ddof: byte) : 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
ddof	byte (optional)	Delta Degrees of Freedom. Default is 1.

Returns: A new Series containing the Std (length 1).

---

Sub

Subtract two Series.

member Sub(other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-

---

Sum

Compute the sum of the elements in this series.

member Sum : unit -> Series
member Sum : unit -> 'T option

---

Take

LINQ-like alias for Gather.

Take elements by physical integer indices. Note: Negative indices are not supported. All values must be >= 0.

member Take(indices: Expr) : Series
member Take(indices: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
indices	Expr / Series	-

---

Tan

Compute the element-wise tangent.

member Tan : unit -> Series

---

Tanh

Compute the element-wise hyperbolic tangent.

member Tanh : unit -> Series

---

ToArray

Converts the Series to a managed array.

member ToArray : unit -> 'T[]

---

ToArrayOption

Converts the Series to a managed array with optional null values.

member ToArrayOption : unit -> 'T option[]

---

ToArrow

Converts the Series to an Arrow array.

member ToArrow : unit -> IArrowArray

---

ToDataFrame

Converts this Series into a single-column DataFrame.

member ToDataFrame : unit -> DataFrame

---

ToDummies

Get dummy/indicator variables.

member ToDummies(?separator: string, ?dropFirst: bool, ?dropNulls: bool) : DataFrame

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
separator	string (optional)	Separator/delimiter used when generating column names.
dropFirst	bool (optional)	Remove the first category from the variable being encoded.
dropNulls	bool (optional)	If there are None values in the series, a null column is not generated. Null values in the input are represented by zero vectors.

---

ToFrame

Converts the Series to a DataFrame.

member ToFrame : unit -> DataFrame

---

ToHtml

Generates a rich HTML table representation of the Series by delegating to a single-column DataFrame preview.

member ToHtml : unit -> string

Returns: An HTML string representing the Series preview.

---

ToListOption

Get values as a list (forces evaluation).

member ToListOption : unit -> 'T option list

---

ToPhysical

Cast to physical representation of the logical dtype.

member ToPhysical : unit -> Series

---

ToSeqOption

Convert Series to a typed sequence of Options. Uses high-performance Arrow reader (Zero-Copy). Supports: Primitives, String, DateTime, DateOnly, TimeOnly, List, Struct.

member ToSeqOption : unit -> seq<'T option>

---

TopK

Get the k largest elements. Result is sorted descending.

member TopK(k: int) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
k	int	-

---

TopKBy

Get top k elements of this Series, sorted by another Series.

Get top k elements of this Series, sorted by another Expr.

member TopKBy(k: int, by: Series, ?reverse: bool) : Series
member TopKBy(k: int, by: Expr, ?reverse: bool) : Series
member TopKBy(k: int, by: seq<'b>, ?reverse: seq<bool>) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
k	int	-
by	Series / Expr / seq<'b>	-
reverse	bool (optional) / seq<bool> (optional)	-

---

Truediv

True division (float result).

True division (scalar).

member Truediv(other: Series) : Series
member Truediv(other: float) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series / float	-

---

Truncate

Truncate the given Series to the given number of decimals.

member Truncate(?decimals: uint32) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
decimals	uint32 (optional)	-

---

TryGetValue

Gets the value at the specified index as a ValueOption ('T voption).

member TryGetValue(index: int64) : 'T voption

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	int64	The 64-bit row index location.

Returns: ValueSome value if valid, or ValueNone if null.

---

Unique

Get unique values of this series.

member Unique(?maintainOrder: bool) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
maintainOrder	bool (optional)	Maintain order of data. This requires more work.

---

UniqueCounts

Return a count of the unique values in the order of appearance.

member UniqueCounts : unit -> SeriesHandle

---

Unnest

Unnest a Struct column into a DataFrame. Shortcut for SeriesStructOps.Unnest.

member Unnest : unit -> DataFrame

---

UpperBound

Return the upper bound of this Series’ dtype as a unit Series.

member UpperBound : unit -> Series

---

ValueCounts

Count the occurrences of unique values. Similar to SQL GROUP BY val COUNT(*).

member ValueCounts(
    ?sort: bool,
    ?paralleling: bool,
    ?name: string,
    ?normalize: bool
) : DataFrame

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
sort	bool (optional)	Sort the output by count in descending order. Default is true.
paralleling	bool (optional)	Execute in parallel. Default is true.
name	string (optional)	The name of the count column. Default is "count".
normalize	bool (optional)	If true, the count column will contain probabilities instead of counts. Default is false.

---

Var

Get the variance.

member Var(?ddof: byte) : 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
ddof	byte (optional)	Delta Degrees of Freedom. Default is 1.

Returns: A new Series containing the Var (length 1).

---

ZipWith

Take values from self or other based on the given mask. Where mask evaluates true, take values from self. Where mask evaluates false, take values from other.

member ZipWith(mask: Series, other: Series) : Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mask	Series	Boolean Series.
other	Series	Series of same type.

Returns: Series

---

Pipeline Module Functions (Series.*)

Series.append

Appends the Series to another Series.

Series.append : other: Series -> self: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-
self	Series	-

---

Series.backwardFill

Backward-fills null values up to an consecutive limit.

Series.backwardFill : limit: int -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
limit	int	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.bottomK

Get the bottom K values from the Series.

Series.bottomK : k: int -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
k	int	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.cast

Cast a series to a specific Polars DataType.

Series.cast : dtype: DataType -> s: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
dtype	DataType	The target Polars DataType.
s	Series	The source Series.

---

Series.castWithNetType

Cast a series to a specific .NET type.

Series.castWithNetType : s: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
s	Series	The source Series.

---

Series.choose

Applies a function to each element of the Series, returning a new Series comprised of the results for each element where the function returns Some. The return DataType is inferred automatically from 'U.

Series.choose : chooser: ('T -> 'U voption) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
chooser	('T -> 'U voption)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.chooseSpan

Applies a function to each element of the Series, returning a new Series containing only the elements for which the function returns Some.

Series.chooseSpan : chooser: ('T -> 'U voption) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
chooser	('T -> 'U voption)	The function to apply to each element.
series	Series	The input Series.

Returns: A new Series containing only the elements for which the function returns Some.

---

Series.clamp

Clamps series values between scalar bounds.

Series.clamp : lowerBound: 'T -> upperBound: 'T -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
lowerBound	'T	-
upperBound	'T	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.contains

Returns true if the Series contains the given value.

Series.contains : value: 'T -> series: Series -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
value	'T	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.dateRange

Generate a date range.

Series.dateRange : name: string -> start: DateOnly -> endRange: DateOnly -> interval: Dur -> closed: ClosedInterval -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	-
start	DateOnly	Lower bound of the date range.
endRange	DateOnly	-
interval	Dur	Interval of the range periods, “1w2d” # 1 week, 2 days.Default is 1 day.
closed	ClosedInterval	Define which sides of the range are closed

Returns: Series of data type Date

---

Series.datetimeRange

Converts a datetime range expression to a Series with the specified name.

Series.datetimeRange : name: string -> start: DateTime -> endRange: DateTime -> interval: Dur -> closed: ClosedInterval -> unit: TimeUnit -> timeZone: string option -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	Name of the resulting Series.
start	DateTime	Start datetime of the range.
endRange	DateTime	End datetime of the range.
interval	Dur	Interval between datetime values.
closed	ClosedInterval	Closed window of the range.
unit	TimeUnit	Time unit of the resulting Datetime data type.
timeZone	string option	Time zone of the resulting Datetime data type.

---

Series.diff

Calculate the difference with a given period.

Series.diff : offset: int -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
offset	int	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.dot

Compute the dot/inner product between two Series.

Series.dot : other: Series -> s: Series -> 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	-
s	Series	-

---

Series.dropNans

Drops NaN values from the Series.

Series.dropNans : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.dropNulls

Drops null values from the Series.

Series.dropNulls : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.exists

Tests if any element of the Series satisfies the given predicate, short-circuiting on the first match.

Series.exists : predicate: ('T -> bool) -> series: Series -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	('T -> bool)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.existsSeries

Tests if any element satisfies the boolean predicate using native Rust engine execution.

Series.existsSeries : predicate: Series -> series: Series -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	Series	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.explode

Explode a list column into multiple rows. The resulting Series will be longer than the original.

Series.explode : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNan

Fills floating-point NaN values with a float (double) literal. Default floating-point pipeline operator.

Series.fillNan : fillValue: float -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
fillValue	float	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNanExpr

Fills floating-point NaN values using an expression.

Series.fillNanExpr : expr: Expr -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
expr	Expr	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNanSingle

Fills floating-point NaN values with a float32 (single) literal.

Series.fillNanSingle : fillValue: float32 -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
fillValue	float32	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNanWith

Fills floating-point NaN values with values from another Series.

Series.fillNanWith : fillSeries: Series -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
fillSeries	Series	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNull

Fills null values with a scalar literal using SRTP.

Series.fillNull : value: 'T -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
value	'T	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNull$W

Series.fillNull$W : op_Dollar: (LitMechanism -> ('T -> Expr)) -> value: 'T -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
op_Dollar	(LitMechanism -> ('T -> Expr))	-
value	'T	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNullExpr

Fills null values using a dynamic expression.

Series.fillNullExpr : expr: Expr -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
expr	Expr	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNullStrategy

Series.fillNullStrategy : strategy: FillNullStrategy -> limit: int option -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
strategy	FillNullStrategy	-
limit	int option	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fillNullWith

Fills null values with another Series (coalesce).

Series.fillNullWith : fillSeries: Series -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
fillSeries	Series	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.filter

Filter a series.

Series.filter : predicate: Series -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	Series	Boolean expression used to filter the current expression.
series	Series	The target Series.

---

Series.filterWith

Filters a Series using a strongly-typed F# predicate function ('T -> bool).

Series.filterWith : predicate: ('T -> bool) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	('T -> bool)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.fold

Applies a function to each element of the Series threading an accumulator argument through the computation.

Series.fold : folder: ('State -> ('T -> 'State)) -> state: 'State -> series: Series -> 'State

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
folder	('State -> ('T -> 'State))	A function that updates the state given the current element.
state	'State	The initial state.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: The accumulated state.

---

Series.foldSpan

Applies a function to each element of the Series using a span, without allocating a full managed array.

Series.foldSpan : folder: ('State -> ('T -> 'State)) -> state: 'State -> series: Series -> 'State

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
folder	('State -> ('T -> 'State))	A function that updates the state given the current element.
state	'State	The initial state.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: The accumulated state.

---

Series.forall

Tests if all elements of the Series satisfy the given predicate, short-circuiting on the first failure.

Series.forall : predicate: ('T -> bool) -> series: Series -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	('T -> bool)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.forallSeries

Tests if all elements satisfy the boolean Series using native Rust engine execution.

Series.forallSeries : predicate: Series -> series: Series -> bool

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	Series	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.forwardFill

Forward-fills null values up to an consecutive limit.

Series.forwardFill : limit: int -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
limit	int	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.head

Get the head value of the Series.

Series.head : series: Series -> 'T

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.implode

Aggregate values into a list. Result is a Series with 1 row containing a List of all values.

Series.implode : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.init

Creates a new Series of length n where each element is computed by calling the initializer on its row index. Idiomatic functional counterpart to Array.init / List.init.

Series.init : name: string -> n: int -> initializer: (int -> 'T) -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	The name of the resulting Series.
n	int	The number of elements to create.
initializer	(int -> 'T)	A function that computes the element at each index (0 to n - 1).

Returns: A new Series populated with the computed elements.

---

Series.initUnnamed

Overload that creates an unnamed or default-named Series of length n.

Series.initUnnamed : n: int -> initializer: (int -> 'T) -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int	-
initializer	(int -> 'T)	-

---

Series.intRange

Generate a range of integers as a series.

Series.intRange : name: string -> start: int64 -> endRange: int64 -> step: int64 -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	-
start	int64	Start of the range (inclusive).
endRange	int64	-
step	int64	Step size of the range.

---

Series.interpolate

Interpolates intermediate null values linearly or using nearest neighbors.

Series.interpolate : method: InterpolationMethod -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
method	InterpolationMethod	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.interpolateBy

Interpolates intermediate values guided by an independent variable series.

Series.interpolateBy : by: Series -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
by	Series	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.iter

Pipeline alias for Series.Iter: ('T -> unit) -> Series -> unit.

Series.iter : action: ('T -> unit) -> series: Series -> unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	('T -> unit)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.iter2

Pipeline alias for Series.Iter2: ('T1 -> 'T2 -> unit) -> Series -> Series -> unit.

Series.iter2 : action: ('T1 -> ('T2 -> unit)) -> s1: Series -> s2: Series -> unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	('T1 -> ('T2 -> unit))	-
s1	Series	-
s2	Series	-

---

Series.iter2Opt

Pipeline alias for Series.Iter2Opt: ('T1 voption -> 'T2 voption -> unit) -> Series -> Series -> unit.

Series.iter2Opt : action: ('T1 voption -> ('T2 voption -> unit)) -> s1: Series -> s2: Series -> unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	('T1 voption -> ('T2 voption -> unit))	-
s1	Series	-
s2	Series	-

---

Series.iterOpt

Pipeline alias for Series.IterOpt: ('T voption -> unit) -> Series -> unit.

Series.iterOpt : action: ('T voption -> unit) -> series: Series -> unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	('T voption -> unit)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.iteri

Pipeline alias for Series.Iteri: (int64 -> 'T -> unit) -> Series -> unit.

Series.iteri : action: (int64 -> ('T -> unit)) -> series: Series -> unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	(int64 -> ('T -> unit))	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.iteriOpt

Pipeline alias for Series.IteriOpt: (int64 -> 'T voption -> unit) -> Series -> unit.

Series.iteriOpt : action: (int64 -> ('T voption -> unit)) -> series: Series -> unit

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
action	(int64 -> ('T voption -> unit))	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.length

Returns the length of the Series.

Series.length : series: Series -> int

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.linearSpace

Converts a linear space expression to a Series with the specified name.

Series.linearSpace : name: string -> start: Expr -> endRange: Expr -> numSamples: int -> closed: ClosedInterval -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	Name of the resulting Series.
start	Expr	Lower bound of the linear space.
endRange	Expr	Upper bound of the linear space.
numSamples	int	Number of samples to generate.
closed	ClosedInterval	Whether the intervals are closed or open.

---

Series.map

Map values of the Series using a standard F# function with automatic return DataType inference. Uses ArrowTypeResolver to map 'U to its corresponding Polars DataType.

Series.map : mapping: ('T -> 'U) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	('T -> 'U)	The mapping function applied to each element.
series	Series	The target Series.

---

Series.map2

Builds a new Series whose elements are the results of applying the given function to the corresponding pairs of elements from the two Series. Throws ArgumentException if the two Series have different lengths. The return DataType is automatically inferred from 'V using ArrowTypeResolver.

Series.map2 : mapping: ('T -> ('U -> 'V)) -> series1: Series -> series2: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	('T -> ('U -> 'V))	The mapping function applied to each pair of elements.
series1	Series	The first input Series.
series2	Series	The second input Series.

Returns: A new Series containing the transformed elements.

---

Series.mapOption

Map values of the Series using an F# function that handles Option values with automatic return DataType inference. Uses ArrowTypeResolver to map 'U to its corresponding Polars DataType.

Series.mapOption : mapping: ('T option -> 'U option) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	('T option -> 'U option)	The mapping function taking and returning F# Option.
series	Series	The target Series.

---

Series.mapValueOption

Map values of the Series using an F# function that handles ValueOption with automatic return DataType inference. Uses ArrowTypeResolver to map 'U to its corresponding Polars DataType.

Series.mapValueOption : mapping: ('T voption -> 'U voption) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	('T voption -> 'U voption)	The mapping function taking and returning F# ValueOption.
series	Series	The target Series.

---

Series.mapi

Builds a new Series whose elements are the results of applying the given function to each valid (non-null) element of the Series and its 0-based index. Null values in the input Series are preserved as Null in the output. The return DataType is automatically inferred from 'U using ArrowTypeResolver.

Series.mapi : mapping: (int -> ('T -> 'U)) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	(int -> ('T -> 'U))	A function that transforms the 0-based index and current element into a new value.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: A new Series containing the transformed elements with nulls preserved.

---

Series.mapi2

Builds a new Series whose elements are the results of applying the given function to the 0-based index and corresponding pairs of elements from the two Series. Throws ArgumentException if the two Series have different lengths. The return DataType is automatically inferred from 'V using ArrowTypeResolver.

Series.mapi2 : mapping: (int -> ('T -> ('U -> 'V))) -> series1: Series -> series2: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	(int -> ('T -> ('U -> 'V)))	The mapping function applied to index and each pair of elements.
series1	Series	The first input Series.
series2	Series	The second input Series.

Returns: A new Series containing the transformed elements.

---

Series.mapiOption

Builds a new Series whose elements are the results of applying the given function to each optional element and its 0-based index.

Series.mapiOption : mapping: (int -> ('T option -> 'U option)) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	(int -> ('T option -> 'U option))	A function that transforms the 0-based index and current option element.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: A new Series containing the transformed elements.

---

Series.mapiValueOption

Builds a new Series whose elements are the results of applying the given function to each value-optional element and its 0-based index.

Series.mapiValueOption : mapping: (int -> ('T voption -> 'U voption)) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	(int -> ('T voption -> 'U voption))	A function that transforms the 0-based index and current value-option element.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: A new Series containing the transformed elements.

---

Series.ofArray2D

Create a FixedSizeList Series from a 2D Array (Matrix). Shape: [Rows, Width] -> Array[Width] Supported Types: Primitives, Decimal, Int128

Series.ofArray2D : data: 'T[,] -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
data	'T[,]	-

---

Series.ofArray2DNamed

Create a named FixedSizeList Series from a 2D Array (Matrix).

Series.ofArray2DNamed : name: string -> data: 'T[,] -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	-
data	'T[,]	-

---

Series.ofSeq

Create a Series from a sequence of values.

Series.ofSeq : data: seq<'T> -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
data	seq<'T>	-

---

Series.ofSeqNamed

Create a named Series from a sequence of values.

Series.ofSeqNamed : name: string -> data: seq<'T> -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	-
data	seq<'T>	-

---

Series.oneCreate

Creates a new Series of length n filled with the one value of type 'T.

Series.oneCreate : n: int -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int	The length of the resulting Series.

Returns: A new Series filled with typed ones.

---

Series.pairwiseMap

Applies a function to each pair of adjacent elements (x_i, x_{i+1}), yielding a Series of length (N - 1).

Series.pairwiseMap : mapping: ('T -> ('T -> 'U)) -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mapping	('T -> ('T -> 'U))	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.rechunk

Rechunk the Series to ensure it is contiguous.

Series.rechunk : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	The target Series.

---

Series.reduce

Reduces the elements of the Series using the specified reduction function without array allocation. Throws an InvalidOperationException if the Series is empty.

Series.reduce : reduction: ('T -> ('T -> 'T)) -> series: Series -> 'T

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
reduction	('T -> ('T -> 'T))	The reduction function.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: The reduced value.

---

Series.rename

Renames the Series.

Series.rename : name: string -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.replace

Replace values in the series using replacement expressions.

Series.replace : old: Expr -> newExpr: Expr -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
old	Expr	The expression or series identifying values to replace.
newExpr	Expr	The expression or series containing replacement values.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: A new Series with replaced values.

---

Series.replaceScalar

Replace scalar values in the series using SRTP literals.

Series.replaceScalar : oldVal: 'Old -> newVal: 'New -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
oldVal	'Old	-
newVal	'New	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.replaceScalar$W

Series.replaceScalar$W : op_Dollar: (LitMechanism -> ('Old -> Expr)) -> op_Dollar1: (LitMechanism -> ('New -> Expr)) -> oldVal: 'Old -> newVal: 'New -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
op_Dollar	(LitMechanism -> ('Old -> Expr))	-
op_Dollar1	(LitMechanism -> ('New -> Expr))	-
oldVal	'Old	-
newVal	'New	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.replaceStrict

Strictly replace values in the series. Throws an error if unmatched unless defaultExpr is provided.

Series.replaceStrict : old: Expr -> newExpr: Expr -> defaultExpr: Expr option -> returnDataType: DataTypeExpr option -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
old	Expr	-
newExpr	Expr	-
defaultExpr	Expr option	-
returnDataType	DataTypeExpr option	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.replicate

Creates a new Series of length n filled with a specified scalar constant.

Series.replicate : n: int -> value: 'T -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int	The length of the resulting Series.
value	'T	The constant scalar value.

Returns: A new Series repeating the scalar value.

---

Series.replicate$W

Series.replicate$W : op_Dollar: (LitMechanism -> ('T -> Expr)) -> n: int -> value: 'T -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
op_Dollar	(LitMechanism -> ('T -> Expr))	-
n	int	-
value	'T	-

---

Series.replicateFromIndex

Creates a new Series of the specified length filled with the value at the given index.

Series.replicateFromIndex : index: int -> length: int -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
index	int	The 0-based index of the value to replicate.
length	int	The length of the newly created Series.
series	Series	The source Series.

Returns: A new Series filled with the replicated value.

---

Series.reshape

Reshape this Series to a flat Series or an Array Series.

Series.reshape : shape: seq<int64> -> s: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
shape	seq<int64>	-
s	Series	-

---

Series.reverse

Reverse the order of the elements in the Series.

Series.reverse : s: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
s	Series	-

---

Series.scan

Applies a function to each element and an accumulator, yielding a new Series of the accumulated values at each step.

Series.scan : folder: ('State -> ('T -> 'State)) -> state: 'State -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
folder	('State -> ('T -> 'State))	The accumulation function.
state	'State	The initial state value.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: A new Series containing intermediate accumulated results.

---

Series.scanSpan

Applies a state-transition function to each element of the Series, accumulating a result.

Series.scanSpan : folder: ('State -> ('T -> 'State)) -> state: 'State -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
folder	('State -> ('T -> 'State))	-
state	'State	The initial state value.
series	Series	The target Series.

Returns: A new Series containing intermediate accumulated results.

---

Series.shift

Shift the values in the Series by a given offset.

Series.shift : offset: int -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
offset	int	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.show

Prints the Series to the console.

Series.show : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.slice

Slices the Series.

Series.slice : start: int -> length: int -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
start	int	-
length	int	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.sortAscending

Sort the values in the Series in ascending order.

Series.sortAscending : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.sortDescending

Sort the values in the Series in descending order.

Series.sortDescending : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.tail

Get the tail value of the Series.

Series.tail : series: Series -> 'T

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.timeRange

Converts a time range expression to a Series with the specified name.

Series.timeRange : name: string -> start: TimeOnly -> endRange: TimeOnly -> interval: Dur -> closed: ClosedInterval -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
name	string	Name of the resulting Series.
start	TimeOnly	Start time of the range.
endRange	TimeOnly	End time of the range.
interval	Dur	Interval between time values.
closed	ClosedInterval	Closed window of the range.

---

Series.toArray

Convert a Series to an array.

Series.toArray : series: Series -> 'T[]

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.toArrayOption

Convert a Series to an array with optional null values.

Series.toArrayOption : series: Series -> 'T option[]

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.toArrow

Converts the Series to an Arrow array.

Series.toArrow : series: Series -> IArrowArray

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	The target Series.

---

Series.toExpr

Convert the Series to Expr.

Series.toExpr : series: Series -> Expr

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.toFrame

Converts the Series to a DataFrame with a single column.

Series.toFrame : series: Series -> DataFrame

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	The target Series.

---

Series.toSeq

Convert a Series to a sequence with optional null values.

Series.toSeq : series: Series -> seq<'T>

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.toSeqOption

Convert a Series to a sequence.

Series.toSeqOption : series: Series -> seq<'T option>

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.topK

Get the top K values from the Series.

Series.topK : k: int -> series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
k	int	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryFind

Returns the first non-null element for which the given function returns true, or None if no such element is found.

Series.tryFind : predicate: ('T -> bool) -> series: Series -> 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	('T -> bool)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryFindIndex

Returns the 0-based index of the first non-null element satisfying the predicate, or None if no such element is found.

Series.tryFindIndex : predicate: ('T -> bool) -> series: Series -> int64 option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	('T -> bool)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryFindV

ValueOption variant of tryFind to avoid reference-type heap allocation.

Series.tryFindV : predicate: ('T -> bool) -> series: Series -> 'T voption

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
predicate	('T -> bool)	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryHead

Try to get the head value of the Series.

Series.tryHead : series: Series -> 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryHeadOrDefault

Try to get the head value of the Series with a default value.

Series.tryHeadOrDefault : defaultValue: 'T -> series: Series -> 'T

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
defaultValue	'T	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryHeadV

Try to get the head value of the Series as a value option.

Series.tryHeadV : series: Series -> 'T voption

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryTail

Try to get the tail value of the Series.

Series.tryTail : series: Series -> 'T option

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryTailOrDefault

Try to get the tail value of the Series with a default value.

Series.tryTailOrDefault : defaultValue: 'T -> series: Series -> 'T

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
defaultValue	'T	-
series	Series	-

---

Series.tryTailV

Try to get the tail value of the Series as a value option.

Series.tryTailV : series: Series -> 'T voption

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.unfold

Generates a new Series from a state-transition function, up to a maximum length. Emits None to terminate sequence generation early.

Series.unfold : generator: ('State -> ('T * 'State) voption) -> initialState: 'State -> maxLen: int -> name: string -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
generator	('State -> ('T * 'State) voption)	-
initialState	'State	-
maxLen	int	-
name	string	-

---

Series.unique

Returns the unique values of the Series.

Series.unique : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.uniqueWithOrder

Returns the unique values of the Series with the order maintained.

Series.uniqueWithOrder : series: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.unnest

Unnest a Struct series into a DataFrame. Shortcut for SeriesStructOps.Unnest.

Series.unnest : series: Series -> DataFrame

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
series	Series	-

---

Series.zeroCreate

Creates a new Series of length n filled with the zero value of type 'T.

Series.zeroCreate : n: int -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
n	int	The length of the resulting Series.

Returns: A new Series filled with typed zeros.

---

Series.zip

Combines two Series into an array of paired tuples (traditional functional zip). Truncates to the length of the shorter Series if lengths differ.

Series.zip : other: Series -> self: Series -> ('T voption * 'U voption)[]

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
other	Series	The second Series.
self	Series	The first Series.

Returns: An array containing element-wise tuples ('T * 'U).

---

Series.zipWith

Take values from self or other based on the given mask. Where mask evaluates true, take values from self. Where mask evaluates false, take values from other.

Series.zipWith : mask: Series -> other: Series -> self: Series -> Series

Parameters

Name	Type	Description
mask	Series	-
other	Series	-
self	Series	-

---